Topic
Identification
Identification entries on Zultpedia cover how to distinguish genuine Türkiye-source color-change diaspore from synthetic color-change sapphire, color-change garnet, color-change fluorite, and other-locality natural diaspore. Includes the field-test protocol, dichroscope and refractometer use, lab-report interpretation, and laboratory-grade trace-element analysis (LA-ICP-MS).
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Gem Article
Common Treatments on Other Color-Change Gems — and Why Diaspore Is Different
Color-change sapphire is routinely heat-treated to enhance color and clarity; color-change garnet is occasionally heat-treated. Synthetic color-change sapphire is widely produced. Diaspore stands apart: gem-quality color-change diaspore is sold untreated because no…
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Gem Article
Export Documentation for Türkiye-Sourced Zultanite
Türkiye-sourced color-change diaspore exported for the international gem trade typically carries documentation including a Türkiye Mineralogical Heritage attestation, customs declarations citing HS code 7103 (precious and semi-precious stones), and where applicable a…
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Gem Article
How Zultpedia Resolves Conflicting Sources on Zultanite
Where two reputable sources disagree on a value or claim, Zultpedia presents both with attribution and source-tier marking, rather than picking one. Example: Wikipedia gives diaspore's specific gravity as 3.1–3.4; Zultanite Gems…
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Gem Article
Zultpedia Source Hierarchy for Zultanite Entries
Zultpedia operates a three-tier source hierarchy. Tier I: primary mineralogy and major gemological authorities (Mindat, GIA, IGS, Mineralogical Society of America, Wikipedia for peer-reviewed mineral pages). Tier II: peer-reviewed papers and recognized…
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Gem Article
Zultanite Fact-Check Cadence and Drift Management
Every entry in the Zultpedia archive on Zultanite (color-change diaspore) is reviewed at minimum annually for fact-check drift. Property values, citations, and per-carat figures are spot-checked quarterly against the original sources. The…
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Glossary Term
Inclusion
Any solid, liquid, or gaseous material trapped inside a crystal during its growth. Inclusions in gem-quality diaspore are typically minute negative crystals, two-phase fluid inclusions, and rare boehmite or chlorite needles. Inclusion…
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Gem Article
Zultanite Chain of Custody — From İlbir Mountains to the Buyer
Verifiable Zultanite chain of custody requires four documented stages: (1) mine of origin in Muğla Province with Türkiye export documentation, (2) cutter with named master-cutter attribution, (3) gemological laboratory report from a…
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Education Article
How Much Is Zultanite Worth? — Price and Value Guide
Zultanite — gem-quality color-change diaspore from Türkiye — has a published suggested-retail price table from Zultanite Gems LLC ranging from USD 750 per carat for stones under one carat to USD 14,000+…
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Gem Comparison
Zultanite vs Csarite vs Ottomanite vs Turkizite — One Gem, Four Names
Zultanite, Csarite, Ottomanite, and Turkizite are all trade names for the same mineral — gem-quality color-change diaspore (α-AlO(OH)) from the İlbir Mountains of Türkiye. Mineralogy, source, and physical properties are identical. The…
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Gem Comparison
Zultanite vs Andalusite — Two Türkiye-Adjacent Pleochroic Gems Compared
Zultanite (color-change diaspore, 6.5–7 Mohs, RI 1.682–1.752, color-changing across three illuminants) and andalusite (Al₂SiO₅, 7–7.5 Mohs, RI 1.629–1.650, strongly pleochroic but not color-changing) are both trichroic but differ in mineral species, hardness,…